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Ponds have been largely overlooked but they are vital for biodiversity – and could even help us adapt to climate change. Discover more about these rich and fascinating habitats, how can they help to protect wildlife and their importance to humans as a nature-based solution.

Here we provide an overview of the European vertebrate species of greatest toxicological interest, the clinical manifestations their toxins can cause, and their treatment. We report the clinical symptoms induced by envenomations and poisoning caused by reptiles, fishes, amphibians and mammals in Europe, ranging from mild, local symptoms (e.g., erythema, edema) to systemic and potentially deadly. Leer más.

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